NYSE: WKC

A reference to a "Note" herein refers to the accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements within Part IV. Item 15. – Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this 2025 10-K Report.

Reportable Segments

We operate in three reportable segments consisting of aviation, land, and marine, where we offer fuel and related products and services to customers in these transportation industries.

Profit from our segments is generally determined by the volume and the unit margin achieved on fuel resales. Profitability in our segments also depends on our operating expenses, which may be materially affected to the extent that we are exposed to credit losses. Corporate expenses are allocated to each segment based on usage, where possible, or other factors according to the nature of the activity. We evaluate and manage our business segments using the performance measure of income from operations.

Financial information with respect to our business segments, the geographic areas of our business and our customers is provided below and within Note 15. Business Segments, Geographic Information, and Major Customers.

Aviation Segment

We provide global aviation fuel supply and comprehensive service solutions to major commercial, international, and regional airlines, cargo carriers, airports, fixed-based operators, corporate fleets, and charter and fractional operators. Our aviation-related service offerings include fuel management, ground handling, 24/7 global dispatch services, and trip support services, including flight planning and scheduling. We also supply fuel and provide services to U.S. and foreign government and military customers.

Given that fuel is a major component of an aircraft’s operating costs, our customers require surety of supply and cost-effective fuel services. We have developed an extensive network of on-airport fueling operations and third-party suppliers and service providers that enable us to provide aviation fuel and related services throughout the world. We believe the breadth of our service offerings combined with our global supplier network is a strategic differentiator that allows customers to secure fuel and high-quality services in locations worldwide.

We purchase our aviation fuel from suppliers worldwide. Fuel may be delivered into our customers’ aircraft or to a designated storage facility at one of our locations or our suppliers’ locations pursuant to arrangements with them. Inventory is purchased at airport locations or shipped, typically via pipelines or trucks, and held at multiple locations in order to meet the needs of our customers. We engage in contract sales, which are sales made pursuant to fuel purchase contracts with customers who commit to purchasing fuel from us over the contract term. We also conduct spot sales, which are sales that do not involve continuing contractual obligations by our customers to purchase fuel

from us. Our cost of fuel is generally tied to market-based formulas or government-controlled prices. Additionally, we have been taking actions designed to increase the availability of renewable and lower-carbon fuels such as sustainable aviation fuel and are working to expand and develop our supply chain to meet customer demand.

Land Segment

In our land segment, we sell liquid fuels, natural gas, and related products and services to commercial, industrial, and government customers, as well as retail fuel outlets under long-term contracts. Our typical customers include commercial and industrial enterprises in the transportation, manufacturing, mining, and construction industries. We typically serve as a reseller, where we purchase fuel from a supplier and contemporaneously resell it to our customers through contract and spot sales and using our cardlock network. We primarily conduct these activities throughout North America.

As discussed in "Restructuring and Exit Activities" in Part II. Item 7. – Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, management has initiated actions to execute a plan to exit certain operations within the land segment, including direct fuel transportation services, lubricants, heating oil, power, and certain advisory and sustainability offerings, that are no longer profitable or not aligned with the Company's core business and corporate strategy.

Going forward, we intend to focus the land segment on our higher margin and more ratable cardlock and retail activities, as well as our natural gas business, that we believe will deliver improved operating leverage, stronger cash flow, and more predictable returns on capital.

Marine Segment

Through our extensive network, we market fuel, lubricants, and related products and services to a broad base of marine customers, including international container, dry bulk and tanker fleets, commercial cruise lines, yachts and time-charter operators, U.S. and foreign governments, as well as other fuel suppliers. We provide our customers with real-time global market intelligence and rapid access to quality and competitively priced marine fuel 24 hours a day, every day of the year. Our marine fuel-related services include management services for the procurement of fuel, cost control through the use of price risk management offerings, quality control and claims management.

In our marine segment, we serve primarily as a reseller, where we take delivery for fuel purchased from our supplier at the same place and time as the fuel is sold to our customer. We also sell fuel from our inventory, which we maintain in storage facilities that we own or lease. In certain cases, we serve as a broker and are paid a commission for negotiating the fuel purchase transaction between a supplier and an end-user, as well as for expediting delivery of the fuel. The majority of our marine segment activity consists of spot sales under which our cost of fuel is generally tied to spot pricing, market-based formulas, or government-regulated prices. We also contract with third parties to provide various services for our customers, including fueling of vessels in ports and at sea and transportation and delivery of fuel and fuel-related products. Through collaboration with suppliers, customers and other industry participants, we are actively working to identify lower carbon alternatives and solutions that will facilitate the ability of our maritime industry counterparties to achieve their energy transition objectives.

Competitors

We operate globally across industries that are highly fragmented with numerous competitors. Our competitors range from large multinational corporations, which have significantly greater capital resources than us, to relatively small and specialized firms that compete with us in a particular line of business. In our fuel distribution activities, we compete with major oil companies that market fuel and other energy products directly to large commercial airlines, shipping companies, distributors, resellers and other commercial and industrial customers. We compete, among other things, on the basis of service, convenience, reliability, availability of trade credit and price. We believe that our extensive market knowledge, worldwide footprint, logistics expertise and support, the use of price risk management offerings, and value-added benefits, including single-supplier convenience, fuel quality control and fuel procurement outsourcing, give us the ability to compete effectively in the markets that we serve.

Seasonality

Our operating results can be subject to seasonal variability resulting from numerous factors. Our results for the second and third quarters of the year have historically been stronger for our aviation segment as a result of demand changes related to seasonal travel. In the land segment, while our results for the fourth and first quarters of the year have historically been stronger as a result of weather patterns, we expect less seasonal impact following the completion of our exit activities as discussed in "Restructuring and Exit Activities" in Part II. Item 7. – Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Governmental Regulation

Environment

Supplying fuel safely and securely is a top priority. We monitor and manage our operations through processes and procedures designed to avoid and minimize our impacts on the environment. Our business activities are subject to numerous federal, state, local and international laws, treaties, regulations and administrative requirements, including those relating to the sale, blending, storage, transportation, delivery and disposal of fuel and the collection, transportation, processing, storage, use and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes. For example, U.S. federal and state environmental laws applicable to us include statutes that: (i) allocate the cost of remedying contamination among specifically identified parties; (ii) impose ambient standards and, in some cases, emission standards, for air pollutants that may present a risk to public health or welfare; (iii) govern the management, treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous wastes; and (iv) regulate the discharge of pollutants into waterways. International treaties also prohibit the discharge of petroleum products at sea.

Compliance with existing and future laws that regulate the delivery of fuel by barge, truck, vessel, pipeline or other means; fuel storage terminals or underground storage tanks that we own, lease or operate; or the quality of product under our control may require capital expenditures and increased operating and maintenance costs, particularly as we continue to expand our physical operations. In addition, continuing changes in environmental laws and regulations may also require capital expenditures by our customers or otherwise increase our customers’ operating costs, which could in turn reduce the demand for our products and services or impact the pricing or availability of the products we sell. Environmental laws and regulations have historically been subject to frequent change and have tended to become more stringent and costly over time.

We could be subject to joint and several as well as strict liability for environmental contamination or violations of environmental regulations. Some of our current and former properties have been operated by third parties whose handling and management of hazardous materials were not under our control. Pursuant to certain environmental laws, we could be responsible for investigating and remediating contamination, including impacts attributable to prior site occupants or other third parties, and for implementing remedial measures to mitigate the risk of future contamination. In some cases, we may be eligible to receive money from state underground storage tank trust funds to help fund remediation. However, receipt of such payments is subject to stringent eligibility requirements and other limitations that can significantly reduce the availability of such trust fund payments and may delay or increase the duration of associated cleanups. Any such contamination, leaks from storage tanks or other releases of regulated materials could result in claims against us by governmental authorities and other third parties for fines or penalties, natural resource damages, personal injury and property damage.

From time to time, we are subject to legal and administrative actions governing the investigation and remediation of contamination, spills, or other environmental effects from current and past operations. The penalties for violations of environmental laws can include injunctive relief; administrative, civil or criminal penalties; recovery of damages for injury to air, water or property; and third-party damages. Some environmental laws may also impose strict liability for remediation of spills and releases of oil and hazardous substances, which could subject us to liability without regard to whether we were negligent or at fault. See