NASDAQ: TXG

Our portfolios

Resolution and Scale are the imperatives that underlie our products and technology. First, our solutions are designed to enable understanding biology at the right level of biological resolution, such as at the level of the single cell or at high spatial resolution of tissues and organs. Second, we believe that high resolution tools only become truly powerful when they are built into technologies with tremendous scale. Our products enable measuring millions of single cells or tissue sample positions. Each of our platforms is designed to interrogate a major class of biological information enabling researchers to understand the complexities of biology at a spatial and cellular level. Collectively, our platforms enable researchers to interrogate, understand and master biology at the appropriate resolution and scale.

Our single cell portfolio

Our single cell portfolio, powered by our Chromium platform, includes microfluidic chips and related consumables and our Chromium X Series and legacy Chromium instruments. The Chromium portfolio enables high-throughput analysis of individual biological components. Our Chromium instruments serve as precisely engineered reagent delivery systems, partitioning samples into individual components which can exceed one million. Each partition is paired with proprietary gel beads bearing unique barcodes that allow researchers to identify the contents of each partition and distinguish them from contents of other partitions. Once biological material in each partition is barcoded, they can then be pooled and sequenced together. Partitioning and barcoding gives researchers the ability to measure many discrete biological materials and/or perform many different experiments in parallel, providing tremendous resolution and scale. Chromium enables multiomic readouts including gene expression, protein (cell surface and intracellular), chromatin, V(D)J, CRISPR/guide RNAs (gRNAs) and antigens, has broad sample compatibility (formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE), fresh, fresh frozen, paraformaldehyde (PFA) fixed tissue, DSP/methanol fixed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and whole blood) and delivers high performance including high cell recovery rates (CRE), high sensitivity, robustness and reproducibility.

Our single cell portfolio also includes QuantumScale Single Cell RNA and Single Cell Methylation kits, which we obtained through our acquisition of Scale Biosciences, Inc. (“Scale Bio”) in 2025.

Our spatial portfolio

Our spatial portfolio is powered by our Visium and Xenium platforms and aims to bring together the worlds of histology and genomics.

Our Visium platform. Our Visium platform empowers researchers to identify where biological components are located and how they are arranged with respect to each other, otherwise referred to as “spatial analysis.” Our Visium platform uses high density DNA arrays which have DNA barcode sequences that encode the physical location of biological analytes within a sample, such as a tissue section, allowing the spatial location of the analytes to be “read out” using sequencing to create a visual map of the analytes across the sample. Similar to partitioning, spatial barcoding with large numbers of oligos on an array can unlock tremendous insights, providing high resolution molecular information to visualize the whole transcriptome and protein expression, paired with same section hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) or infrared (IR) imaging data, across biological tissues. The Visium platform includes our Visium CytAssist, an instrument designed to simplify and optimize the Visium solution workflow by facilitating the transfer of transcriptomic analytes from standard glass slides to Visium slides, as well as our HD WT Panel Gene Expression and HD 3’ Gene Expression assays.

We also offer v2 WT Panel Gene Expression and v1 3’ Gene Expression, which are our first-generation assays.

Our Xenium platform. Our Xenium platform for in situ analysis is designed to give scientists the ability not only to locate and type cells in their tissue context, but also to address a variety of specific questions based on previous knowledge of their sample potentially discovered using our Chromium and Visium platforms. Our Xenium Analyzer instrument enables researchers to detect and preserve the cellular location of hundreds of RNA targets directly in a fresh frozen or FFPE tissue section without the need for conventional sequencing, providing researchers with a detailed map of gene expression patterns without sacrificing resolution or target number. Xenium uses circularizable probes specific to target transcripts followed by enzymatic amplification to create a target for fluorescent probe hybridization. On the Xenium Analyzer, microscope images of the tissue detect the location of each fluorescent probe, which is then removed. Successive rounds of fluorescent probe hybridization, imaging and removal creates a unique optical signature that reveals the identity of the RNA at a location within each cell of a tissue. Available Xenium consumables include curated, validated and fit-for-purpose gene panels along with the ability to design custom gene sets.

Our software

Our software is essential to accelerating the mastery of biology. As our portfolios unlock new levels of resolution and scale, they generate entirely new types of data at greater volumes and complexity than ever before. That scale has required an entirely new level of instrument software and firmware sophistication to make instruments like Xenium a possibility. Cell Ranger, introduced alongside our Chromium platform, has become a trusted scRNA-seq processing pipeline in scientific literature. We have extended the same principles of accessibility, scalability and reliability across all our platforms, ensuring that researchers can move from raw data to discovery with ease. Today, we provide a comprehensive and scalable software ecosystem that supports every stage of the research workflow, from experiment planning to data processing to visualization and exploration. By removing barriers to adoption, our tools help researchers generate high-quality data, achieve repeatable success and seamlessly scale their experiments. Loupe Browser (Chromium and Visium) enables intuitive single-cell, spatial and multiomic data visualization, helping researchers explore gene expression, cellular interactions and more—turning complex datasets into interactive insights that accelerate discovery. Xenium Explorer enables intuitive in situ data visualization, allowing researchers to explore subcellular gene expression, spatial organization and tissue-scale patterns with ease. It transforms complex imaging and transcriptomic data into interactive insights, accelerating discovery in spatial biology. Our goal is to expand this ecosystem through strategic partnerships that integrate powerful software tools designed to further democratize access to complex data analysis and accelerate the translation of biological insights into research and clinical advances.

Our market opportunity

We believe much of the $75 billion annual global life sciences research tools market is ultimately accessible to us due to our ability to answer a broad diversity of biological questions. We estimate a total addressable market of more than $21 billion annually, assuming every lab or company in the global life sciences research tools market were to adopt our solutions at spend levels comparable to our existing users. We estimate a serviceable addressable market of more than $13 billion annually,

assuming every lab or company in the global life sciences research tools market that is currently using single cell, spatial or adjacent research techniques were to adopt our solutions at spend levels comparable to our existing users. We also expect to pursue additional opportunities that may further expand our opportunity, including new versions and potential applications of our single cell, spatial and in situ technologies in the future. Our estimates are based on our own and third-party analyses of our potential opportunities. See the section titled “Risk Factors — The size of the market for our solutions may be smaller than estimated and new opportunities may not develop as quickly as we expect, or at all, limiting our ability to successfully sell our solutions.”

Research and development

The success of our products is founded on how we approach product development. We work closely with our customers, many of whom are thought leaders in genomics and medicine, to identify future frontiers and unmet needs. Once we identify the correct opportunities, which we create through both organic development by our in-house teams and targeted acquisitions of technologies that accelerate our ability to bring new products and new versions of existing products to researchers, we have the discipline to focus on execution and have a track record of bringing successful products across multiple portfolios to market. Multidisciplinary, cross-functional collaboration and technological innovation are central to our product development process. Our employees are deeply scientifically oriented, having the relevant scientific expertise embedded not only within research and development, but also within the management team and throughout the company. We have built teams with deep expertise across diverse disciplines including chemistry, molecular biology, microfluidics, hardware, computational biology and software engineering. We plan to focus our research and development efforts on improving the performance of our existing technologies, developing new solutions and new versions of existing solutions for our portfolios, improving and developing new capabilities for our instruments, developing combined software and workflows across multiple solutions and investigating and developing new technologies.

Commercial organization and strategy

Since launching our first product in mid-2015, we have expanded our commercial operations and now sell our products in over 50 countries. Our customers primarily include academic, government, biopharmaceutical, biotechnology and other institutions focused on life sciences research. We sell our products primarily through our own direct sales force in North America and certain regions of Europe. As of December 31, 2025, our commercial organization consisted of 473 full time employees, many with PhD degrees and many with significant industry experience. We sell our products through third-party distributors in certain regions of Asia, Europe, Oceania, North America, South America, the Middle East and Africa.

Sales to academic and government institutions represent the largest portion of our direct sales revenue. We expect that sales to biopharmaceutical companies will represent a growing proportion of our revenue in the future. For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, no single customer, including distributors, represented greater than 10% of our business.

Our sales and marketing efforts are targeted at the principal investigators, research scientists, department heads, research laboratory directors and core facility directors at leading academic institutions, biopharmaceutical companies and publicly and privately funded research institutions who control buying decisions. We increase awareness of our products among our target customers through direct sales calls, trade shows, seminars, academic conferences, web presence, social media and other forms of marketing. We supplement these traditional marketing efforts by fostering an active online community of users of our products consisting of communities, forums and blogs with internally generated and user-generated content. We also provide education and training resources, both online and in person.

Suppliers and manufacturing

Our Pleasanton, California, Singapore and Taiwan manufacturing operations are ISO 9001:2015 certified, which covers design, development, manufacturing, distribution, service and sales. We obtain some components of our instruments and consumables from third-party suppliers. While some of these components are sourced from a single supplier, we have qualified second sources for some, but not all, of our components including critical reagents, enzymes and oligonucleotides. We believe that having dual sources for our components helps reduce the risk of a production delay caused by a disruption in the supply of a critical component. For further discussion of the risks relating to our third-party suppliers, see the section titled “Risk Factors—Risks related to our business and industry—We and our customers are dependent on single source and sole source suppliers for some of the equipment, components and materials used in our products and in conjunction with our products and the loss of any of these suppliers could harm our business."

Consumables

The majority of our consumable products are manufactured at our facilities. These manufacturing operations include, among other operations, gel bead generation, surfactant synthesis and emulsion oil formulation, reagent formulation and tube filling, certain of our microfluidic chips, kit assembly and packaging as well as analytical and functional quality control testing.

Instruments

We outsource manufacturing for our Chromium, Visium and Xenium instruments to qualified contract manufacturers who have represented to us that they maintain ISO 13485 certification. We perform optical and final assembly, instrument integration and testing of our Xenium instrument in-house.

Human Capital

At 10x, our success begins with our people. We are led by a talented, global and diverse team of scientists, software developers and subject matter experts who help drive adoption of our products and support our vision. We have built a multidisciplinary team with talent and expertise across a diverse set of areas such as chemistry, molecular biology, microfluidics, clinical applications, hardware, computational biology and software engineering, and have supplemented this diverse technical experience with our operational team with expertise in manufacturing, legal, sales, marketing, customer service, human resources and finance. As of December 31, 2025, we employed a total of 1,178 individuals, 822 of whom were employed in the United States and 356 of whom were employed outside the United States.

As of December 31, 2025, our employees included 332 in research and development, 473 in sales, marketing and support, 185 in general and administrative and 188 in manufacturing, many of whom hold PhDs in their respective disciplines. Additionally, most of our senior management team and the members of our board of directors hold PhDs and/or other advanced degrees. Our Company's scientific expertise is therefore embedded within the management team and throughout the organization, and our employees are highly motivated by our mission. We emphasize employee development and training, and aim to provide employees with competitive compensation.

We have never experienced a work stoppage. In addition, none of our U.S. employees are represented by a labor union or covered under a collective bargaining agreement. In our international territories, apart from standard industry-wide labor unions and compulsory collective bargaining agreements, none of our employees are represented by a labor union or subject to a collective bargaining agreement. We consider our relationship with our employees to be positive.

Competition

The life sciences industry is highly competitive. Companies, both established and early stage, have introduced products for, among other things, genomics analysis, single cell analysis, spatial analysis and in situ analysis. Additional companies have released or indicated that they are designing, manufacturing and marketing products to compete with us or that they intend to do so in the future. Some of these companies may have substantially greater financial and other resources than we do, including larger research and development staff or larger, more established marketing, distribution, service and sales organizations. In addition, they may have greater name recognition than we do. Other competitors are in the process of developing novel technologies for the life sciences market which may lead to products that rival or replace our products. We expect new competitors to continue to emerge and the intensity of competition to continue to increase.

We believe we are differentiated from our competitors for many reasons, including the capabilities and performance of our products, our advanced proprietary technologies protected by substantial intellectual property, our rigorous product development processes and scalable infrastructure and our superior customer experience and multidisciplinary teams.

For further discussion of the risks we face relating to competition, see the section titled “Risk Factors—Risks related to our business and industry—Our industry is highly competitive. If we fail to compete effectively, our business and operating results will suffer.”

Government regulation

The development, research, testing, manufacturing, marketing, post-market surveillance, distribution, packaging, import, export, sales, advertising, promotion and labeling of medical devices are subject to regulation in the United States by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (“FDC Act”) and outside the United States by comparable state and international agencies such as the national competent authorities of the European Union (“EU”) member states and the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (“MHRA”) in the United Kingdom. The FDC Act defines a medical device to include, among other things, any instrument, apparatus, implement, machine, contrivance, implant, in vitro reagent or other similar or related article, including any component part or accessory, which is (1) intended for use in the

diagnosis of disease or other conditions, or in the cure, mitigation, treatment or prevention of disease, in man or other animals, or (2) intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of man or other animals and which does not achieve any of its primary intended purposes through chemical action within or on the body of man or other animals and which is not dependent upon being metabolized for the achievement of any of its primary intended purposes. Pursuant to its authority under the FDC Act, the FDA has jurisdiction over medical devices, which are defined to include, among other things, in vitro diagnostic devices (“IVDs”). In the EU, until May 25, 2022, IVDs were regulated by Directive 98/79/EC (“EU IVDD”), which has been repealed and replaced by Regulation (EU) No 2017/746 (“EU IVDR”). The EU IVDR establishes a modernized and more robust EU legislative framework, with the aim of ensuring better protection of public health and patient safety. Unlike the EU IVDD, the EU IVDR is directly applicable in all EU member states without the need for member states to implement into national law. This aims at reducing the risk of discrepancies in interpretation across the different European markets. The EU IVDR became applicable on May 26, 2022 but there is a tiered system extending the grace period for many devices (depending on their risk classification) before they have to be fully compliant with the regulation. The EU IVDR defines an IVD as “any medical device which is a reagent, reagent product, calibrator, control material, kit, instrument, apparatus, piece of equipment, software or system, whether used alone or in combination, intended by the manufacturer to be used in vitro for the examination of specimens, including blood and tissue donations, derived from the human body, solely or principally for the purpose of providing information on one or more of the following: (a) concerning a physiological or pathological process or state; (b) concerning congenital physical or mental impairments; (c) concerning the predisposition to a medical condition or a disease; (d) to determine the safety and compatibility with potential recipients; (e) to predict treatment response or reactions; (f) to define or monitor therapeutic measures.” National competent authorities of the EU member states enforce compliance with medical devices (including IVDs) requirements. The EU rules are generally applicable in the European Economic Area (“EEA”) (which consists of the 27 EU member states plus Norway, Liechtenstein and Iceland). Since January 1, 2021, the MHRA has become the sovereign regulatory authority responsible for the Great Britain (i.e., England, Wales, and Scotland) IVD market and the EU regulatory regime for IVDs no longer applies in Great Britain. Under the terms of the Ireland/Northern Ireland Protocol, the EU regulatory requirements continue to apply to IVDs placed on the Northern Ireland market. Consequently, the regulatory framework for IVDs in Great Britain continues to be broadly based on the requirements of the EU IVDD as implemented into national law by the Medical Devices Regulation 2002.

We believe that our current products are not medical devices within the meaning of the FDC Act and foreign regulations applicable in countries where we market our products, such as the EU IVDR in the EU, but we nevertheless market our products for research use only (“RUO”). IVDs that are marketed for RUO are not intended for use in a clinical investigation or for clinical diagnostic use outside an investigation and must be labeled “For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.” Products that are intended for RUO and are properly labeled as RUO are exempt from compliance with the FDA’s requirements applicable to medical devices more generally, including the requirements for clearance or approval and compliance with manufacturing requirements known as the Quality System Regulation. In the EU, the EU IVDR clearly indicates that it does not apply to “products or general laboratory use or research-use only products, unless such products, in view of their characteristics, are specifically intended by their manufacturer to be used for in vitro diagnostic examination," and that “a device intended to be used for research purposes, without any medical objective, shall not be deemed to be a device for performance study.” To be categorized as an RUO product, the product must have no intended medical purpose or objective. Consequently, products labeled as RUO are essentially not subject to compliance with the EU IVDR requirements such as conformity with general safety and performance requirements laid down in the EU IVDR. Depending on the products in question, other regulations may be applicable to the RUO products. A product labeled RUO but intended to be used diagnostically may be viewed by the FDA or foreign authorities as adulterated and misbranded under the FDC Act or foreign regulations and subject to FDA or foreign authorities enforcement action. The FDA or foreign authorities may consider the totality of the circumstances surrounding distribution and use of an RUO product, including how the product is marketed, when determining its intended use.

Although we currently market our products as RUO, we may in the future develop products intended to be used for clinical or diagnostic purposes, which would result in the application of a more onerous set of FDA and foreign regulatory requirements. Generally, unless an exemption applies, each new or significantly modified medical device we may seek to commercially distribute in the United States will require either a premarket notification to the FDA requesting permission for commercial distribution under Section 510(k) of the FDC Act, also referred to as a 510(k) clearance, or approval from the FDA of an application for premarket approval (“PMA”). In the EU, there is currently no premarket government review of medical devices (including IVDs). However, all IVDs placed on the EU market must meet general safety and performance requirements laid down in Annex I to the EU IVDR including the requirement that an IVD must be designed and manufactured in such a way that, during normal conditions of use, it is suitable for its intended purpose. IVDs must be safe and effective and must not compromise the clinical condition or safety of patients, or the safety and health of users and, where applicable, other persons, provided that any risks which may be associated with their use constitute acceptable risks when weighed against the benefits to the patient and are compatible with a high level of protection of health and safety, taking into account the generally acknowledged state of the art. Compliance with general, safety and performance requirements of the EU IVDR is a prerequisite for European conformity marking (“CE mark”) without which IVDs cannot be marketed or sold in the EU. The 510(k) clearance, PMA and CE mark processes can be resource intensive, expensive and lengthy, and require payment of significant (user) fees. Medical devices are

also subject to post-market requirements. Failure to comply with applicable regulations can result in enforcement actions such as warning letters, fines, injunctions, civil or criminal penalties, termination of distribution, recalls or seizures of products, delays in the introduction of products into the market, total or partial suspension of production, refusal to grant future clearances, approvals or certifications or withdrawals or suspensions of existing clearances, approvals or certifications. For further discussion of the risks relating to government regulation, see the sections titled “Risk Factors—Risks related to our regulatory environment and taxation.”

Intellectual property

Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain, maintain, enforce and defend intellectual property rights owned or licensed to us that are directed to our products and technology. We utilize a variety of intellectual property protection strategies, including patents, trademarks, trade secrets, copyright and other methods of protecting proprietary information. Worldwide we own or exclusively in-license over 1,598 issued or allowed patents and 1,123 pending patent applications as of December 31, 2025. We also license additional patents on a non-exclusive and/or territory restricted basis.

We seek trademark registration to protect key trademarks such as our 10X, 10X GENOMICS, CHROMIUM, VISIUM and XENIUM marks, however, we have not yet registered all of our trademarks in all of our current and potential markets. We own registered trademarks on 10X GENOMICS and product related brand names in the United States and worldwide.

Pursuant to certain license agreements, we in-license rights under certain U.S. and foreign patents and patent applications from third parties directed to our products and technology. Some of these agreements grant us an exclusive right to practice the licensed intellectual property rights in a specific field and/or territory, and are subject to customary restrictions. We may also be obligated to pay our licensors certain milestones, royalties and/or other contingent payments. Subject to customary termination rights, such exclusive license agreements typically will expire upon the last valid claim included in the licensed patents expires or, in some cases, upon our failure to achieve specified sales volume thresholds or other milestones. Certain of these agreements also require that any products that are covered by the licensed patents be substantially manufactured in the United States.

In September 2013, we entered into an exclusive license agreement with the President and Fellows of Harvard University (“Harvard”), pursuant to which we in-license exclusive, worldwide rights under certain of Harvard’s patents and patents applications in the field of sequencing sample preparation and single cell analysis (“Harvard Agreement”). Subject to the terms of the Harvard Agreement, we are required to pay Harvard a low single-digit royalty percentage, based on the net revenue of certain products that are covered by the patents and patent applications licensed under the Harvard Agreement, payable until the last to expire of the valid claims included in such licensed patents and patent applications. The Harvard Agreement is projected to expire in 2034.

In September 2020, we entered into an exclusive license agreement with The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University (“Stanford”), pursuant to which we in-license exclusive, worldwide rights under certain of Stanford’s patents and patents applications directed to ATAC-seq technology in all field of use (“Stanford Agreement”). Subject to the terms of the Stanford Agreement, we are required to pay Stanford a low single-digit royalty percentage based on the net revenue of certain ATAC-seq products that are covered by the patents and patent applications licensed under the Stanford Agreement, payable until the last to expire of the valid claims included in such licensed patents and patent applications. The initial exclusivity period of the Stanford Agreement ended in 2025, and the Company exercised its option to extend the exclusivity period for an additional one-year term. We have the right to extend for additional one-year terms if we meet certain minimum sales thresholds. If we fail to extend the exclusivity period, we retain a non-exclusive license under the licensed patents and patent applications. The Stanford Agreement is projected to expire in 2038.

We made aggregate royalty payments under the Stanford Agreement and Harvard Agreement, collectively, of approximately $3.7 million in 2025 and $5.9 million in 2024. We expect such payments to decrease in 2026.

The patents we own expire beginning in 2030 and the patents we exclusively in-license expire beginning in 2028.

We intend to pursue additional intellectual property protection to the extent we believe it would be beneficial and cost-effective. We cannot provide any assurance that any of our current or future patent applications will result in the issuance of patents, or that any of our current or future issued patents will effectively protect any of our products or technology from infringement or prevent others from developing, manufacturing or commercializing products or technology that infringe, breach or violate our intellectual property rights.

For further discussion of the risks relating to intellectual property, see the sections titled “Risk Factors—Risks related to our intellectual property, information technology and data security” and “Risk Factors—Risks related to litigation and our intellectual property.”

Data Privacy and Security

Numerous state, federal and foreign laws, regulations and standards govern the collection, use, access to, confidentiality and security of health-related and other personal information, and could apply now or in the future to our operations or the operations of our partners. In the United States, numerous federal and state laws and regulations, including data breach notification laws, health information privacy and security laws and consumer protection laws and regulations govern the collection, use, disclosure, and protection of health-related and other personal information. In addition, certain foreign laws govern the privacy and security of personal data, including health-related data. Privacy and security laws, regulations and other obligations are constantly evolving, may conflict with each other to complicate compliance efforts, and can result in investigations, proceedings or actions that lead to significant civil and/or criminal penalties and restrictions on data processing.

Corporate information

We were incorporated in the State of Delaware on July 2, 2012 under the name Avante Biosystems, Inc. We changed our name to 10X Technologies, Inc. in September 2012 and to 10x Genomics, Inc. in November 2014. Our principal executive offices are located at 6230 Stoneridge Mall Road, Pleasanton, California 94588, and our telephone number is (925) 401-7300. We completed our initial public offering in September 2019, and our Class A common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “TXG.”

Available information

Our website is located at https://www.10xgenomics.com, and our investor relations website is located at https://investors.10xgenomics.com. We have used, and intend to continue to use, our investor relations website as a means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with our disclosure obligations under Regulation FD. The following filings are available through our investor relations website as soon as reasonably practicable after we file them with, or furnish them to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”): Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and our Proxy Statement for our annual meeting of stockholders. These filings are also available for download free of charge through a link on our investor relations website. The SEC also maintains an internet website at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy statements and other information about issuers, like us, that file electronically with the SEC. The contents of these websites are not incorporated into this filing. Further, our references to the URLs for these websites are intended to be inactive textual references only.