NASDAQ: FSTR

Percentage of Net Sales

2025

2024

Rail, Technologies, and Services

57

%

62

%

Infrastructure Solutions

43

38

100

%

100

%

Financial information concerning these segments is set forth in Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which is incorporated by reference into this Item 1.

Rail, Technologies, and Services

The Company’s Rail segment is comprised of several manufacturing, distribution, and service businesses that provide a variety of products, solutions, and services for freight and passenger railroads and other industrial companies throughout the world. The Rail segment has sales offices throughout North America, South America, Europe, and Asia, and works on rail projects where it offers products manufactured by the Company, or sourced from numerous supply chain partners. The Rail segment also offers contract project management and aftermarket services. The Rail reporting segment is comprised of the Rail Products, Global Friction Management, and Technology Services and Solutions business units. Within Rail Products and Global Friction Management, we offer a full suite of track components and friction management products and services. Within Technology Services and Solutions, we focus on innovation, creating leading edge engineering and digital communication technology solutions for rail, infrastructure, and the built environment, including control and digital display, contract services, and condition monitoring solutions. The Technology Services and Solutions business unit also offers Total Track Monitoring railroad condition monitoring systems, equipment, and services.

Rail Products

The Rail Products business unit is comprised of the Company’s Rail Distribution, Allegheny Rail Products, and Transit Products.

Rail Distribution - This division sells new rail mainly to passenger and short line freight railroads, industrial companies, and rail contractors for the replacement of existing lines or expansion of new lines. Rail accessories sold by the Rail Distribution division include track spikes, bolts, angle bars, tie plates, and other products required to install or maintain rail lines. These products are manufactured by the Company or purchased from other manufacturers and distributed accordingly. Rail Distribution also sells trackwork products to Class II and III railroads, industrial, and export markets.

Allegheny Rail Products (“ARP”) - ARP engineers and manufactures insulated rail joints and related accessories for freight and passenger railroads and industrial customers. Insulated joints are manufactured domestically at the Company’s facilities in Pueblo, CO and Niles, OH.

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Transit Products - This division supplies designed, engineered, and outsourced-manufactured direct fixation fasteners, coverboards, and special accessories primarily for passenger railroad systems. Transit Products also manufactures power rail, also known as third rail, at its facility in Niles, OH. These products are usually sold to contractors or by sealed bid to passenger railroads.

Global Friction Management

The Company’s Global Friction Management business unit engineers, manufactures, and fabricates friction management products and application systems for its rail customers. It also provides aftermarket services managing its friction management solutions for customers. The Company’s friction management products optimize performance at the rail to wheel interface, which helps our customers reduce fuel consumption, improve operating efficiencies, extend the life of operating assets such as rail and wheels, reduce track stresses, and lower the related maintenance and operating costs of its rail customers. Friction management products include mobile and wayside systems that apply lubricants and liquid or solid friction modifiers. These products and systems are designed, engineered, manufactured, fabricated, serviced, and marketed in the United States (“US”), Canada, the United Kingdom (“UK”), and Germany.

Technology Services and Solutions

The Company’s Technology Services and Solutions business unit engineers and manufactures Total Track Monitoring railroad condition monitoring systems and equipment including wheel impact load detection systems, wayside data collection and management systems, and rockfall, flood, earthworks, and bridge strike monitoring. These offerings create a smart interface between conventional rail products and intelligent digital technologies to monitor safety, increase network velocity, and enable the digital railway. In addition, the business unit provides controls, displays, digital signage, and telecommunication contract management solutions for the transit, control room, and customer information and display sectors to enhance safety, operational efficiency, and customer experience. These products, systems, and services are designed, engineered, serviced, and marketed in the US, UK, Canada, and Germany. During 2025, the Company announced the discontinuation of the Automation and Materials Handling product line (the “AMH Exit”) as part of the Company's initiatives to scale back businesses in the UK, and as of December 31, 2025 has completed all related remaining customer obligations.

Infrastructure Solutions

The Infrastructure segment uses its industry expertise to design, manufacture, and deploy advanced technologies that positively impact the built environment, including precast concrete buildings and products, bridge products, and steel pipe protective coatings and threading. The Infrastructure segment is composed of ten operating facilities across the US providing engineered precast concrete solutions, fabricated bridge products, and protective pipe coating and threading offerings across North America.

Precast Concrete Products

The Precast Concrete Products (“Precast”) business unit manufactures precast concrete products for the North American civil infrastructure market. Under its CXT® brand, Precast manufactures restrooms, concession stands, and other protective storage buildings available in multiple designs, textures, and colors for national, state, and municipal parks. The Company is a leading, high-end supplier of precast buildings in terms of volume, product options, and capabilities. These facilities also manufacture various other precast concrete products such as sound walls, bridge beams, and other wet/dry utilities concrete products at its Boise, ID, Hillsboro, TX, and Waverly, WV facilities. Also under the CXT® brand, the Company has facilities in Loudon, TN, near Knoxville, and Lebanon, TN near Nashville, which specialize in precast concrete walls, water management products, and forms for the commercial, civil, industrial, and residential infrastructure markets. The Company also has a leased facility in Lake County, Florida which commenced operations in 2025 and produces precast concrete wall systems.

The Company also possesses proprietary license agreements to implement technologies via ENVIROCAST®, a pre-insulated concrete wall system allowing for faster builds and design flexibility, and ENVIROKEEPER®, a modular in-ground water retention and management system, which can be applied at all of its manufacturing facilities.

Steel Products

The Company’s Steel Products business unit provides custom engineered solutions and services that help to build and maintain critical civil and energy infrastructure throughout North America. Steel Products designs, manufactures, and supplies a variety of steel bridge products to contractors performing installation and repair work to North American transportation infrastructure network. It also provides solutions in corrosion protection for the safe transportation of gas and liquids in pipelines as well as threaded pipe for water well applications.

Bridge Products - The Bridge Products facility in Bedford, PA manufactures a number of fabricated steel and aluminum products primarily for the highway, bridge, and transit industries, including aluminum bridge railing, and stay-in-place steel bridge forms. The

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Company discontinued its grid deck product line in the third quarter of 2023 and completed substantially all remaining customer obligations in 2025.

Water Well Products - The Company’s Magnolia, TX facility cuts, threads, and paints pipe primarily for water well applications for the agriculture industry and municipal water authorities and, to a lesser extent, threading services for oil and gas production.

Protective Pipe Coatings - There are two pipeline coating services locations that make up our Protective Coatings division. Our Birmingham, AL facility coats the outside and inside diameter of pipe primarily for oil and gas transmission pipelines. This location partners with its customer, a pipe manufacturer, to market fusion bonded epoxy coatings, abrasion resistant coatings, and internal linings for a wide variety of pipe diameters for use in pipeline projects throughout North America.

The second location, situated in Willis, TX, applies specialty outside and inside diameter coatings for a wide variety of pipe diameters for oil and gas transmission, mining, and waste-water pipelines, as well as custom coatings for specialty pipe fittings and connections.

International Operations

L.B. Foster Company generally markets its Rail products and services directly in all major industrial areas of North America, South America, Europe and Asia. Infrastructure products and services are primarily marketed domestically. The Company employs a global sales force of approximately 77 people of which 12 are located outside of the US to reach current customers and cultivate potential customers in these areas. For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, approximately 11% and 14%, respectively, of the Company’s total sales were outside the US. Our international sales and long-lived assets are presented in Note 2 of the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements, set forth in Item 8 of this Annual Report.

Marketing and Competition

The major markets for the Company’s products are highly competitive. Product availability, quality, service, and price are principal factors of competition within each of these markets. No other company provides the same product mix to the various markets the Company serves. However, there are one or more companies that compete with the Company in each product line. Therefore, the Company faces significant competition from different groups of companies.

Raw Materials and Supplies

The Company purchases from its domestic and foreign supplier base a variety of raw materials including epoxy, electronics, and other components. The Company also purchases steel, cement, and aggregates which are primarily sourced from domestic suppliers. Products are also purchased in the form of finished or semi-finished products with the majority of product being supplied by domestic and some foreign steel producers. Generally, the Company has a number of vendor options.

The Company’s purchases from foreign suppliers are subject to foreign currency exchange rate changes, tariffs, and the risks associated with changes in international conditions, as well as US and international laws that could impose import restrictions and tariffs on selected classes of products and for anti-dumping duties if products are sold in the US at prices that are below specified prices.

Backlog

The Company’s backlog represents the sales price of customer purchase orders or contracts in which the performance obligations have not been met, and therefore are precluded from revenue recognition. Although the Company believes that the orders included in backlog are firm, customers may cancel or change their orders with limited advance notice; however, these instances are rare. Backlog should not be considered a reliable indicator of the Company’s ability to achieve any particular level of revenue or financial performance.

Patents and Trademarks

The Company owns a number of domestic and international patents and trademarks, primarily related to products in its Global Friction Management and Technology Services and Solutions business units, as well as its Precast Concrete Products business unit. The Company’s business segments are not dependent upon any individual patents or related group of patents, nor upon any individual licenses or distribution rights. The Company believes that, in the aggregate, the rights under its patents, trademarks, and licenses are generally important to its operations, but considers neither any individual patent, nor any licensing or distribution rights related to a specific process or product, to be of material importance in relation to its total business.

Environmental Disclosures

Information regarding environmental matters is included in Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which is incorporated by reference into this Item 1.

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Human Capital Management

People are the heart of L.B. Foster’s success. The Company strives to create and promote a culture that makes L.B. Foster a great place to work. The Company seeks to attract and retain employees that embody and demonstrate its values, which are summarized in our SPIRIT model, focusing on Safety, People, Integrity, Respect, Innovation, and Teamwork. The Company uses these six principles to guide its employees every day. The expectation of all employees, at every level of the organization, is to execute our business strategy in a manner that adheres to these core values and demonstrates commitment to the L.B. Foster SPIRIT.

Equal Employment Opportunity

The Company is dedicated to the principle of equal employment opportunity and the provision of a workplace free from discrimination and harassment in accordance with all applicable federal, state, and local laws and regulations. This statement and accompanying practices, which pertain to all persons involved in Company operations, prohibit unlawful discrimination by any employee and apply to all terms, conditions, and privileges of employment. Additionally, the Company will also make reasonable accommodations for individuals with known disabilities who are otherwise qualified to perform a job.

Corporate Responsibility

The Company is committed to good corporate citizenship and promoting the highest standards of environmental performance, corporate governance, and ethical behavior to positively impact the communities in which we operate. With a focus on continuous improvement, the Company has adopted safety and environmental policies in support of long-term environmental, health, safety, and sustainability excellence. Among our core values are safety, teamwork, and innovation which we rely on to create more advanced solutions around sustainability. We also emphasize continual improvement in preventing pollution and reducing the environmental impact of our operations while maximizing opportunities for environmental and social benefits.

Health and Safety

L.B. Foster aims to promote a culture of environmental, health, safety, and sustainability (“EHSS”) excellence that strives to protect the environment as well as the safety and health of our employees, business, customers, and communities where we operate. The Company strives to meet or exceed the requirements of all applicable environmental, health, and safety (“EHS”) regulations as the Company raises its standards of excellence. Consistent with its core values of safety, teamwork, and innovation, the Company aims to create more advanced solutions around sustainability. The Company emphasizes continual improvement in its EHSS performance, particularly as it applies to preventing pollution and reducing the environmental impact of its operations while maximizing opportunities for environmental and social benefits. The Company continually strives to develop best practices in EHS management based on international standards such as ISO 14001:2015 and ISO 45001:2018. The Company has eight locations/businesses throughout North America and Europe where the Environmental Management Systems have been independently assessed and verified as compliant with the requirements of ISO 14001:2015 and ISO 45001:2018.

Leadership and Talent Management

The Company’s executive leadership team sets the Company’s strategic direction and is dedicated to sustainable, profitable growth through its commitment to providing quality products and services to customers and treating customers, suppliers, and employees as partners. L.B. Foster cultivates and empowers talent through performance management, career planning/development, and succession planning, creating an environment for people to be successful in achieving our strategic plan through the following areas:

Talent Acquisition and Onboarding

The Company is committed to finding and hiring the best-qualified candidate (from within or outside of the organization) for a job opening, in a timely and cost-effective manner. The recruitment process includes analyzing the requirements of a job, meeting with hiring management to determine the appropriate qualifications and experience for the position, attracting qualified candidates to that job, screening and selecting applicants, hiring, and ultimately integrating the new employee to the organization.

Development Planning

The Company actively promotes proactive planning and implementation of action steps towards our employees’ career goals. Developmental experiences can consist of training, developing, mentoring, and coaching.

Succession Planning

A process for identifying and developing employees with the potential to fill key business leadership positions within the Company is key to future success. Succession planning increases the availability of experienced and capable employees that are prepared to assume these critical roles as they become available. The Company conducts an annual succession planning process where strong internal candidates are identified for key positions and a development plan is established when a need arises.

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Performance Management

We strongly encourage an ongoing process of communication, including both formal and informal feedback, between a supervisor and an employee throughout the year, in support of accomplishing the strategic objectives of the organization.

Workforce

As of December 31, 2025, the Company had 1,191 employees, of which 974 were located within the US, 44 within Canada, 166 in Europe, and 7 within other locations. There were 641 hourly production workers and 550 salaried employees. Of the hourly production workers, 7 were represented by unions.

The Company has one collective bargaining agreement covering 7 employees which was successfully renegotiated and is now set to expire in March 2030. The Company has not suffered any major work stoppages in recent history and considers its relations with its employees to be satisfactory.

All of the Company’s hourly and salaried employees are covered by either a defined benefit plan or a defined contribution plan.

Code of Ethics

L.B. Foster Company has a legal and ethical conduct policy applicable to all directors and employees, including its Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Principal Accounting Officer. This policy is posted on the Company’s website, www.lbfoster.com. The Company intends to satisfy the disclosure requirement regarding certain amendments to, or waivers from, provisions of its policy by posting such information on the Company’s website. In addition, the Company’s ethics hotline can also be used by employees and others for the anonymous communication of concerns about financial controls, human resource concerns, and other reporting matters.

Available Information

The Company makes certain filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), including its Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments and exhibits to those reports, available free of charge through its website, www.lbfoster.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after they are filed with the SEC. The SEC maintains an internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. These filings, including the Company’s filings, are available at the SEC’s internet site at www.sec.gov. The Company’s press releases and recent investor presentations are also available on its website. Our website and the information posted thereto is not part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and unless otherwise stated is specifically not incorporated by reference herein.

Information about our Executive Officers

Information concerning the executive officers of the Company is set forth below:

Name

Age

Position

Brian H. Friedman

47

Executive Vice President and Chief Growth Officer

Patrick J. Guinee

56

Executive Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary

John F. Kasel

60

President and Chief Executive Officer

Gregory W. Lippard

57

Senior Vice President - Rail, Technologies, and Services

Robert A. Ness

62

Senior Vice President - Infrastructure Solutions

Jamie F. O'Neill

52

Senior Vice President - Human Resources

Sean M. Reilly

53

Corporate Controller and Principal Accounting Officer

Sara F. Rolli

44

Senior Vice President - Operational Administration

William M. Thalman

59

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Mr. Friedman was elected Executive Vice President and Chief Growth Officer in July of 2024, having previously served as the Company’s Senior Vice President - Steel Products and Special Projects since December of 2023, and prior to that served as Senior Vice President, Steel Products, Vice President - Steel Products and Measurement, and Vice President - Coatings and Measurement since joining the Company in May of 2019. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Friedman was employed by ABB Ltd from 2012 to 2019 in various roles including Director Global Product Management and Manufacturing Unit Manager. Previously, he served in various research and development and operations roles for Hunter Fan Company from 2001 to 2012.

Mr. Guinee was elected Executive Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary in June of 2023, having previously served as Senior Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary, and was elected Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary in 2014. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Guinee served as Vice President - Securities and Corporate and Assistant Secretary at Education

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Management Corporation from 2013 to early 2014, and was employed by H. J. Heinz Company from 1997 to 2013, last serving as Vice President - Corporate Governance and Securities and Assistant Secretary.

Mr. Kasel was elected President and Chief Executive Officer in July 2021, having previously served as Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer since December 2019, Senior Vice President - Rail and Construction from 2017 to 2019, Senior Vice President - Rail Products and Services from 2012 to 2017, Senior Vice President - Operations and Manufacturing from 2005 to 2012, and Vice President - Operations and Manufacturing from 2003 to 2005. Mr. Kasel served as Vice President of Operations for Mammoth, Inc., a Nortek company from 2000 to 2003.

Mr. Lippard was elected Senior Vice President - Rail, Technologies, and Services in December of 2023 and was previously Senior Vice President - Rail from 2021 to 2023, Vice President - Rail, Technologies, and Services from 2020 to 2021, Vice President - Rail from January 2020 to November 2020 and Vice President - Rail Products from 2017 to 2019. From 2000 to 2017, he served as Vice President - Rail Product Sales. Prior to re-joining the Company in 2000, Mr. Lippard served as Vice President - International Trading for Tube City, Inc. from 1998. Mr. Lippard served in various other capacities with the Company after his initial employment in 1991.

Mr. Ness was elected Senior Vice President - Infrastructure Solutions in December 2023, having previously served as Vice President - Precast Concrete Products since January 2021, and as Director, Operations of CXT Precast from June 2020 to January 2021. Previously, Mr. Ness served as the Rail Business Controller beginning from 2012 to 2020 and Division Controller role he had held since his initial employment with the Company in 2006.

Ms. O'Neill was elected Senior Vice President - Human Resources in January 2025, having previously served as Vice President - Human Resources since August 2020, Director - Human Resources since January 2015, and Manager - Compensation and HRIS since 2006. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. O'Neill had various roles last serving as Manager - Compensation and HRIS at 84 Lumber Company.

Mr. Reilly was appointed Controller and Principal Accounting Officer of the Company in January 2022. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Reilly most recently served as Vice President of Finance - Metal Cutting Division, at Kennametal, Inc. since April 2019. Prior to that role, Mr. Reilly served in roles of increasing responsibility at Kennametal, Inc., including as Director of Finance - Infrastructure division, from 2016 to 2019; Director of Finance - Integrated Supply Chain and Logistics from 2015 to 2016; Director of Finance - Asia from 2013 to 2015 in Singapore and Earthworks Controller from 2007 to 2012.

Ms. Rolli was elected Senior Vice President - Operational Administration in January 2025, having previously served as Vice President - Operational Administration since September 2023, Director - Quality from 2019 to 2023, and Senior Quality Manager from 2013 to 2017. Prior to re-joining the Company, Ms. Rolli served as Quality Manager at Praxair Surface Technologies Inc. from 2017 to 2019 and previously served as Quality Manager and Laboratory Supervisor at Kennametal Inc. from 2006 to 2013.

Mr. Thalman was elected Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in June 2023, having previously served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company from February 2021. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Thalman was employed by Kennametal, Inc. from February 2004 through February 2021, most recently serving as Vice President - Advanced Material Solutions since 2016 and Vice President - Transformation Office since 2019. Prior to these roles, he served in roles of increasing responsibility, including: Vice President - Finance Infrastructure, Director of Finance - M&A and Planning, Director of Finance – Kennametal Europe, Director of Finance - MSSG Americas, Assistant Corporate Controller, and Director of Financial Reporting.

Officers are elected annually at the organizational meeting of the Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board") following the annual meeting of stockholders.